3.9. Budget  

3.9.1 Budget by Sub-Program and Component   

The total budget for the period 2002-2005 is US$ 13,547,000 out of which almost 7 million USD is projected to be utilised in Sub-program 1, Basic Education Capacity Building Priorities for SWAp Readiness, while almost 6 million USD is budgeted for sub-program 2, Expanded Learning Opportunities for School and Child Readiness. Table 2 presents details of the budget by sub-program, component and year. During the last few years the RGoC has made considerable progress in working towards a sector wide approach for education. The design of the ESP and ESSP and its consecutive broad endorsement by the donor community is a turning point in Cambodia’s education system and forms the core of this proposal. It is expected that a number of additional donors will start supporting the education system from 2003 onwards. In order to keep the momentum and to ensure effective implementation of the ESSP in 2002 and 2003, frontloading of the budget, especially in sub-program 1, is required.

Table 2. Budget by Sub-Program and Component, 2002-2005 (000’s US$) 

 The Capacity Building Programs for Institutional Development for Sector-wide Management  (see ESSP section 5.3), and for PAP Planning, Management and Monitoring (see ESSP Section 5.2) are proposed to be partially funded under the proposal as follows: 

Component 1.1:             IDSM 1 (0.4 MUSD) + IDSM 2 (0.5 MUSD) + IDSM 3 ( 0.2 MUSD) + IDSM 4 (0.4 MUSD)+ IDSM 6 (0.7 MUSD) + IDSM 8 (0.3 MUSD) + IDSM 9 (0.3 MUSD) + IDSM 10 (0.3 MUSD) = 3.1 MUSD 

Component 1.2:             PAP 1 (0.4 MUSD) +PAP 2 (0.3 MUSD) + PAP 3 (0.2 MUSD) + PAP 7 (0.4 MUSD)+PAP 8 (0.3 MUSD) + PAP 9 (0.3 MUSD) + PAP 11 (0.3 MUSD) = 2.2 MUSD 

Component 1.3:             Selected ESP related policy innovations, covering access in remote/difficult areas, quality and efficiency reforms and innovative strategies for decentralization to school, clusters and communities (0.92 MUSD). 

3.9.2    Budget per Input Category 

Table 2 present an overview of the projected budgets per input category for 2002-2005 for the overall Basic Education Program and for each of the two Sub-programs. In line with UNICEF’s convention, five categories have been distinguished: Cash Assistance, Supplies, International TA, National TA and Program Support. 

Cash Assistance includes cash advances or reimbursements to support the implementation of activities by government at all levels and NGOs. With a projected expenditure of 60 percent of the total programmable budget over a period of four years, cash assistance is the major input category. Due to ‘frontloading’ of the budget in Sub-program 1 in 2002 and 2003, the amount of cash assistance shows a downward trend after 2003. This is related to expected additional donor support in 2003 and onwards. Supply assistance, which includes equipment, materials and printing etc., is projected to account for 12 percent of the total budget. While supplies remain more constant in Sub-program 2, it is expected that in Sub-program 1 the bulk of supply assistance will be in the first two years of the program. 

TA refers to those staff and consultants out-posted at MOEYS central level as well as staff posted in the provinces. International TA will especially be required in the first two years of the program, especially in Sub-program 1, whereas in Sub-program 2 there is a higher requirement for national TA, especially in the provinces. In general, it is projected that there is a shift from international to national TA, exemplified by a downward trend in the requirement for international TA, from 12.1 percent in 2002 to 6.5 percent in 2005. In addition, it is projected that there will be an overall reduction of over 40 percent in the projected budget allocation for TA between 2002 and 2005, anticipating on strengthened capacities of the MoEYS and NGOs combined with increased donor support for the education sector in Cambodia. Under program support, UNICEF Phnom Penh based staff is included, except those paid by UNICEF regular resources. 

Table 3. Projected Budget by Input Category.